Tyre Selections & Tyre Properties

Note: “Vehicle and tyre manufacturer recommendations should be followed for most satisfactory results, for tyre selection or for good tyre life .”

Tyres are the final link between your car and the road. A good selection of tyres will improve the handling, steering, acceleration and braking of your car, and will make full use of any further modifications performed to your car. This article contains the most important parameters of choosing the right set of tyres for any type of vehicle.

tyre selection

The tyre selection should base on following parameters or factors;

Load capacity: The load acting per tyre

Road condition: The surface on which vehicle is going on.

Type of Job: It should also be prefer for the type of job for which the vehicle is intended.

Vehicle parameters: Tyre selection is based on a lot of parameters which include vehicle parameters like rim size and kind of operation expected from the vehicle.

Operating parameters: like type of driving, the type and condition of road surface the weight to be carried, the miles driven per year and the length of time the vehicle is to be used are also important.

Other parameters are Tube-type or tubeless, Size of tyre, Tread pattern, Rubber Compound, Overall quality of the tyres, Reputation of manufacturer, Warranty, Date of Manufacture, Added Technologies etc.

It is normally assumed that of the four-car-tyres any tyre may be wear out then must be purchased with pairs and used. However, it has been found that such a task is totally erroneous. Proper combination of tyres is necessary for smooth, safe and economic driving while wrong mixing of tyres may be hazardous.

It is not a universal rule, however it is considered better that the tyre types should not be mixed. As far as possible all tyres should not only be of the same type, but should also be of the same size, tread pattern and make. This ensures maximum safety.

Tyre must have the following desired properties with accordance to tyre selection;

1. Non skidding

This is one of the most important tyre properties. The tread pattern on the tyre must be suitably designed to permit least skidding even on wet roads.

2. Uniform wear

To maintain the non-skidding property, it is very essential that the wear of the tyre tread must be uniform. The ribbed tread pattern helps to achieve this. Good traction (force transmission on the direction of travel).

3. Load carrying capacity

The tyre is subjected to alternating stresses during each revolution of the wheel. The tyre material and design must be able to ensure that the tyre sustains the stresses.

4. Cushioning

The tyre should be able to absorb high frequency vibrations set up by the road surface and thus provide cushioning effect.

5. Power consumption

The automotive tyre should absorb some power which is due to friction between the tread rubber and road surface and also due to hysterics loss on account of the tyre being continuously fixed and released. This power comes from the engine and should be least. It is seen that the synthetic tyres consume more power while rolling than the ones made out of natural rubber.

6. Tyre noise

The tyre noise must be in the form of definite pattern, a sequel or a loud roar. In all these cases, it is desirable that the noise should be minimum.

7. Balancing

Balancing is very important consideration for tyres. The tyre being a rotating part of the automobile, it must be balanced statically as well as dynamically. The absence of balancing gives rise to peculiar oscillations called wheel tramp and wheel wobble.




References:
[1] Automobile Engineering By Ttti, © Tata McGraw-Hill Education
[2] A Text Book of Automobile Engineering, By R. K. Rajput.
[3] Tyre selection; other parameters: “https://www.team-bhp.com/advice/choosing-right-set-tyres-your-car”

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