Note: “Vehicle and tyre manufacturer recommendations should be followed for most satisfactory results, for tyre selection or for good tyre life .”
Tyres are the final link between your
car and the road. A good selection of tyres will improve the handling,
steering, acceleration and braking of your car, and will make full use of any
further modifications performed to your car. This article contains the most
important parameters of choosing the right set of tyres for any type of
vehicle.
The tyre selection should base on following
parameters or factors;
Load capacity: The load acting per tyre
Road condition: The surface on which vehicle is
going on.
Type of Job: It should also be prefer for the
type of job for which the vehicle is intended.
Vehicle parameters: Tyre selection is based on a lot of
parameters which include vehicle parameters like rim size and kind of
operation expected from the vehicle.
Operating parameters: like type of driving, the type and
condition of road surface the weight to be carried, the miles driven per year
and the length of time the vehicle is to be used are also important.
Other parameters are Tube-type or tubeless, Size of tyre, Tread pattern, Rubber Compound, Overall quality of the tyres, Reputation of manufacturer, Warranty, Date of Manufacture, Added Technologies etc.
It is normally assumed that of the
four-car-tyres any tyre may be wear out then must be purchased with pairs and used. However,
it has been found that such a task is totally erroneous. Proper combination
of tyres is necessary for smooth, safe and economic driving while wrong mixing of tyres may be hazardous.
It is not a universal rule, however
it is considered better that the tyre types should not be mixed. As far as
possible all tyres should not only be of the same type, but should also be of
the same size, tread pattern and make. This ensures maximum safety.
Tyre must have the following desired
properties with accordance to tyre selection;
1. Non skidding
This is one of the most important
tyre properties. The tread pattern on the tyre must be suitably designed to permit
least skidding even on wet roads.
2. Uniform wear
To maintain the non-skidding
property, it is very essential that the wear of the tyre tread must be uniform.
The ribbed tread pattern helps to achieve this. Good traction (force
transmission on the direction of travel).
3. Load carrying capacity
The tyre is subjected to alternating
stresses during each revolution of the wheel. The tyre material and design must
be able to ensure that the tyre sustains the stresses.
4. Cushioning
The tyre should be able to absorb
high frequency vibrations set up by the road surface and thus provide cushioning
effect.
5. Power consumption
The automotive tyre should absorb
some power which is due to friction between the tread rubber and road surface
and also due to hysterics loss on account of the tyre being continuously fixed
and released. This power comes from the engine and should be least. It is seen
that the synthetic tyres consume more power while rolling than the ones made
out of natural rubber.
6. Tyre noise
The tyre noise must be in the form of
definite pattern, a sequel or a loud roar. In all these cases, it is desirable that
the noise should be minimum.
7. Balancing
Balancing is very important
consideration for tyres. The tyre being a rotating part of the automobile, it
must be balanced statically as well as dynamically. The absence of balancing
gives rise to peculiar oscillations called wheel tramp and wheel wobble.
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